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Ramnath

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BREAST FEEDING

BREAST FEEDING


What are the advantages of breast feeding?

There is no doubt that breast milk is the best milk for babies. Not only does it provide maximum emotional satisfaction to both the mother and the child creating a bond between the two, it also has the following advantages:

It is a wholesome food with protein, sugar, fat and vitamins that the baby needs.
It helps protect the baby against certain diseases and infections like diarrhoea and allergies.
It is easier for babies to digest than buffalo or formula milk. Even premature babies digest it with ease.
It is cost-effective, does not need to be prepared and is in ample supply. Bottles need not be cleaned and there are no worries about the correct temperature.
Breast feeding makes the mother burn more calories and helps her get back to her pre-pregnancy weight more quickly.
Breast feeding delays the return of the menstrual period, and so pregnancy is unlikely although this is not a foolproof method of contraception.
It reduces the risk of ovarian and breast cancer in women. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that breast feeding should be done for as long as possible, 1 year or even longer.

How is milk produced?

During pregnancy, the body produces a hormone called prolactin. This hormone stimulates the cells in the breasts to make milk. The amount of milk produced does not depend on the size of the breasts. The more the mother nurses the baby, the more is the production of milk. Another hormone called oxytocin stimulates the tiny muscle cells within the breasts to contract and squeeze milk down the milk ducts toward the nipples. This happens each time the baby is put to the breast.


When should breast feeding be started?

Breast feeding can start as soon after delivery as possible. Initially there may be problems, with the baby unable to suck well and the mother unable to nurse properly or to make enough milk. This first milk, called colostrum, is thick and yellowish and is packed with all the nutrients that the newborn baby needs. It also contains many substances to protect new babies against infections.

The flow of milk picks up in 2 to 3 days. Mothers who are relaxed and comfortable are more likely to have a normal flow. Touching the breast to the centre of the baby’s lips stimulates the baby to open her mouth widely. This is called the rooting reflex because the baby is identifying the nipple for future use. The nipple and much of the areola must be pulled well into the baby’s mouth. The baby’s lips and gums should be around the areola and not on the nipple. If the nipples are not sore, breast feeding should not be painful. If it hurts during feeding, then either the technique is wrong or there is a sore on the nipple.

For the first few weeks after birth, babies that are being breast fed do not require any supplements like water, sugar water, or formula feeds. A baby who is breast feeding regularly and effectively gets all the water and nutrients she needs.

How often should the baby be nursed?

Breast fed babies tend to feed more often than formula-fed babies because human milk is easy to digest. Initially, the newborn will probably need to be nursed whenever she cries. This is called 'feeding on demand'. By the end of the first month, the baby may start sleeping longer at night. Later on, babies usually settle into a 3 hourly feeding schedule. For timing the feed, the baby should be allowed to decide rather than going by the clock. Long gaps between feeds are uncomfortable for the mother as well, as the breasts become filled with milk. The baby must be put to both breasts during each feed. The latter part of the milk from the breast is very rich in fats and provides more calories.


How does one know if the baby is getting enough milk?

If the baby is not hungry for 2 to 3 hours after a feed and shows progressive weight gain, she is getting enough. Babies gain about 25 gram weight every day for the first 3 months. Also, if she has at least six wet diapers per day with pale yellow urine, and 2 to 3 stools every day, her requirements are being met. If the milk flow is inadequate, one of the reasons is an anxious mother or early introduction of the bottle. Sucking is the best stimulus for milk production. Minor ailments and fevers must not prevent the mother from feeding the baby.

Does one need to be careful about medication and food?

Most medications are safe to take during breast feeding, but there are a few that can be dangerous for the baby. To be sure, the baby’s doctor should be informed that she is being breast fed. Alcohol can pass through the milk to the baby and must be avoided. Even smoking must be avoided. Caffeine accumulates in the babies’ body because their bodies cannot get rid of it very easily. Too much caffeine taken by the mother may pass into the breast milk and cause problems such as poor sleeping, nervousness, irritability, and poor feeding.

Sometimes breast fed babies do not tolerate certain foods that their mothers eat. Babies may cry or have a colic. If the baby gets these symptoms every time a certain type of food is eaten by the mother, that item is best avoided. Some breast fed infants may be allergic to the cow’s milk in the diet. Symptoms appear soon after taking cow's milk and may include diarrhoea, rash, and gas.

What are the common problems of the breast during feeding?

Mastitis - is an infection of the breast with swelling, redness, and pain.
There may be fever. The doctor must be consulted immediately. Treatment includes antibiotics, pain killers, warm compresses, and breast support. Breast feeding can usually be continued as the infection will not spread to the milk. It is important to keep the milk flowing in the infected breast.
Inverted Nipples - some women have nipples that are drawn inwards making it difficult for the baby to grasp the areola properly to get milk. Normally this problem clears itself during pregnancy, as breasts become larger. If this does not happen, inverted nipples can be easily treated.
Cracked nipples - improper feeding technique can result in soreness of the nipples. The best treatments for cracked nipples are is to keep them warm and dry. The breasts must be washed with water and not soap. The nipples must be gently dried and only human milk or medical grade modified lanolin may be applied. Applying various creams and lotions may actually make the problem worse.

Follow the above mentioned tips to lead a healthy and a happy life.

ALWAYS LISTEN TO YOUR FAMILY DOCTOR

NEW BORN BABY CARE

NEW BORN BABY CARE

Once the baby's delivered, the baby care phase begins for you as a mother.

Although initially as a young inexperienced mother, you may feel nervous and worried about newborn management. But nowadays you can always get all the help and assistance from either the doctor or caretaker. And soon enough you would be confident enough to manage independently.

All the same, it is important to follow your doctor's advice and take care of yourself during this time. You should take ample rest and not try to do too much.

For all the patience and perseverance, your motherly instincts would make you take care of your baby that bit more. But then there are a few things which you need to pay heed with regard to your baby's care.

Use cotton

It is preferred that you use cotton cloths to avoid unwanted skin allergies. Cotton 'breathes' and would also ensure comfort for your young one.

Warm and dry

You should try as far as possible to keep your baby warm and dry to prevent heat loss.

Use of oil

While using oil for massage, you should ensure that oil does not enter ears or nose of the baby as it could cause serious damage and infection.

Avoid home parenting

You should not resort to home remedies should be given even for minor problems. Consult your doctor as soon as you feel something is wrong.

Massage

Your young one is tender and there are chances in a bid to give extra care, you could hurt him a little. For example while massaging, avoid applying excess pressure. In other words, avoid harsh body massage. Oil applied gently before bath is good enough.

Avoid use of strong cosmetics

Strong odoured soaps and cosmetics should be avoided rather mild soaps should be used. The chemicals might be too strong for your young one's tender skin. These may lead to skin allergies and rashes.

Feeding the baby

It is most advisable that you give milk alone till the baby is at least 4 months. Even in very hot climate there is no need to give extra water. One could say that breastfeeding is the best for of feeding!

Follow the above mentioned tips to lead a healthy and a happy life.

ALWAYS LISTEN TO YOUR FAMILY DOCTOR

How to get your NEW BORN baby to SLEEP through the NIGHT

How to get your NEW BORN baby to SLEEP through the NIGHT

Dr. Harvey Karp’s book“The Happiest Baby on the Block”.

Dr.Karp mentions in his book that babies are comforted when their surroundings are similar to what they’ve experienced when they were in their mother’s womb. In order to recreate that experience for your newborn you need to apply what Dr. Karp refers to as the “Five S’s”.The five S’s help your newborn baby feel at home so to speak. Without going into too much detail but enough so that you can understand, I will try to explain the five Ss and the reason for them. If you want more information then I suggest purchasing the book. Dr. Karp goes into great detail explaining why the five Ss work and other health issues regarding your baby i.e. Shaken Baby Syndrome, SIDS. In addition, he discusses that many cases of colic can be cured by following the five S’s.

So let me firstgive you a breakdown of the five S’s and then I will explain how we applied them to get our son to sleep through the night when he was just seven weeks old.

The Five S’s

• Swaddling
• Side
• Shh!
• Swing
• Suck

Swaddling

Thefirst step in the process of calming a baby involves wrapping them up nice and tight. Swaddling your baby correctly, helps mimic the tight surroundings of the uterus.
The problem with this step is that many parents cant seem to get it right. Dr Karp provides an illustration on how to swaddle a baby
properly; however, most parents don’t have large enough blankets that would allow the process to be done correctly. In addition, many parents don’t swaddle their baby tight enough. I know I had a hard time with it and I had to keep doing it repeatedly. For swaddling to work right, it has to be tight. The tighter the better.

Furthermore,I have heard from friends that they have tried swaddling but their babyhated it because he/she liked having his/her arms free. Dr Karp mentions that newborn babies really don’t even know that they have arms. Since their arms are a distraction, it’s important to swaddle your baby. The bottom line is that every baby likes to be swaddled. While it’s true that a baby might startcrying when she’s first being swaddled, they usually calm down after a minute or two.

Side

Placinga baby on her stomach or side can help keep them content. According toDr. Karp, babies have what’s called the Moro reflex. When a baby is lying on her back she may feel like she’s falling. This feeling can trigger the Moro reflex and the baby will start thrashing and crying. You can prevent this reflex from being triggered by placing your baby on her side. However, to prevent Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)Dr. Karp advises parents not to place a baby to sleep on his side orstomach.

Shh!

Theheading for this technique should really be ‘Noise’. According to Dr.Karp, the noise level inside a mother’s womb due to blood rushing through the arteries was equivalent to that of a vacuum cleaner or hair dryer. Therefore, anything that produces this level of noise will make them feel at home and help keep them calm.

Onegreat way to quiet a crying baby is to go “shhh” loudly really close to their ears. The shushing has to be louder than the baby’s crying in order to work. When we would travel, we would place a small handheld weather radio tuned to static on our baby’s car seat. This really helped in keeping him calm. At home, we would place the radio on the tray of the baby’s swing.

Swing

Accordingto Dr. Karp, babies in their mother’s womb have become so accustomed tomovement that it becomes difficult for them to adjust to the stillnessof a bassinet after they are born. Babies love movement. They love being rocked and jiggled. Dr. Karp provides several different jingling techniques in his book that could help to calm a crying baby instantly. A baby swing is a great tool and when used with the other techniques it will help keep your baby happy for hours.

Suck

Babiesare born with a desire to suck. If you take your pinky and stick it in their mouth, they will suck on it for hours. In fact, that’s what it
took at times to calm our son down. There’s a reason why they call it a pacifier. Sucking on a pacifier helps to soothe a crying baby. They like it and they need it. Of course there are pros and cons to having your baby suck on a pacifier. If you are absolutely against your child having a pacifier then it may be a bit more difficult to calm your baby or to get her to sleep. If your concern is about getting your child off the pacifier then check back here in a couple of weeks I am planning to write a post on that very topic. [Update: The post is up and you can read about how to get your child off the pacifier here]

What We Did (PARENT)

To get our seven week old to sleep through the night we
applied three of the five ‘S’ techniques.

Suck

Our son refused to suck on anything except for a pinky. We literally tried every single pacifier on the market until we found one that stayed in his mouth. I had to find one that resembled a pinky the most. Once we find the right one we knew we were on the right path to keeping him calm.

Side

Although Dr. Karp recommends that parents not put their babies to sleep on their sides, we did it anyway. The main reason for not putting babies on their side is that they can roll over onto their stomachs and be at risk for SIDS. To prevent that from happening we put rolled towels on each side of our son. The towels were wedged between our son and the wall of the bassinet thus preventing him from rolling over. If you can get your newborn to sleep with out putting her on her side or stomach then that would probably be a better option.

The main reason for the ‘side’ technique is to calm a crying baby. Dr. Karp mentions that once the baby is calm you should be able to put him to sleep on his back (of course he will need to be swaddled well and sucking on a pacifier).

Swaddle

Swaddling was the most challenging component for us. The problem with swaddling is that even if you do it right it doesn’t take much for it to come apart. Every time we moved our son, we had to re-swaddle him. We also couldn’t find a blanket that was large and thin enough to swaddle the way Dr. Karp illustrates in his book. We tried all sorts of things. I went to babystores to try to find something that would work right.

We bought the “SwaddleMe” blanket but it was terrible. The fabric was wayto stretchy and thin, the Velcro didn’t stick well enough, and the swaddling wasn’t nearly as tight as it was supposed to be. After doing some research online, I found a product that had excellent reviews on Amazon. It’s called “Miracle Blanket” and it’s probably the best modern day invention for parents with healthy newborns. I can’t praise this product enough. The material was of great quality, the swaddling was tight, and the baby could stay wrapped up the whole day just with one swaddling episode. Instead of me trying to explain why and how this blanket works so well, just check out the product website. There’s a video right on the home page showing a baby being swaddled.

So that’s what we did. We got our son a pacifier that stayed in his mouth.We swaddled him up nice and tight with the Miracle Blanket. And weplaced him to sleep on his side.

Follow the above mentioned tips

to lead a healthy and a happy life.

ALWAYS LISTEN TO YOUR FAMILY DOCTOR

How to Create a Resume ...That Wins Interviews !!

How to Create a Resume ...That Wins Interviews !!

A resume can either open doors or keep them closed. Never assume that people are going to read your resume because the fact is that most resumes get only a passing glance. You must do everything possible to spark immediate interest during that moment.

Constructing a resume that earns interviews is remarkably simple.

Here are six do"s and don"ts to follow when composing your document.

1. Begin with a summary.

Showcase two or three of your most exciting accomplishments. Bullet these items and use numbers to illustrate their extent.

By starting out this way, you"ll be showing people how good you are, not just telling them that you"re good. As a plus, you"ll distinguish yourself from job seekers who begin by listing their functional specialties and a brief discussion of their strengths.

2. Use a chronological format.

The next section of your resume relates to your experience. Always list your experience in reverse chronological order, starting with your most recent job.

3. Tailor your resume to the job you"re seeking.

Because the goal of your resume is to gain interviews for a particular position,
always cite your activities in order of their importance to that job. Omit information that"s unrelated. The less you say about your unrelated experience, the more impact the related activities will have.

If you"re seeking two or three different positions, prepare two or three separate resumes, each tailored to the job you"re after.

4. Focus on your accomplishments.

Next, discuss your accomplishments, not your responsibilities. Recruiters and prospective employers are primarily interested in the value you"ve brought to your past employers. Most important are improvements you made and their benefit to the department or organization, especially in increasing revenues or reducing costs.

5. Use descriptive verbs

Describe your experiences in phrases that start with a past-tense action word
. Bullet each item. Bullets and verbs in the past tense produce statements that are more vivid and illustrative. These verbs are particularly effective:

• directed, led, managed, supervised;
  
• achieved, delivered, drove, generated, grew, increased, initiated, instituted and launched;
  

6. Make your resume inviting to read.

After deciding on what you want to say about yourself, be sure your resume has sufficient white space
. The top and bottom margins should be at least a half-inch long, and the left and right margins should measure at least seven-tenths of an inch wide.

Insert white space between your section headings, names of employers, job titles and discussions about your experience. Use bold-faced type for section headings, employer names and job titles. If the document lacks eye appeal, few people will review it.

Now, the Don"ts

What you shouldn"t do when writing a resume is nearly as important as what you should do.

1. Don"t organize your resume by accomplishments.

Listing a string of accomplishments on the first page of your resume presents the same problems for employers as the functional resume format. If you want to showcase your accomplishments, use the introductory summary.

2. Don"t use the same words to begin sentences or use the words "I" and "my."

Make your writing fresh and exciting by varying the verbs that begin each statement. Omit "I" and "my" because they can make you seem weak and immature.

3. Avoid clichés.

Don"t describe yourself as "dynamic," "people-oriented," "results-oriented" or "self-motivated," or state what a great "out-of-the-box thinker," "hands-on leader" or "visionary" you are. These clichés lack originality and typecast you as a follower instead of a leader.

4. Don"t use underlining or italics to add emphasis.

These devices cheapen a résumé"s appearance. Additionally, some computer scanners can"t read underlined or italicized copy.

5. Avoid using a fancy font to gain readers" attention.

Fancy fonts aren"t inviting to read , and many people discard resumes that use them. Play it safe by choosing Arial, Garamond, Helvetica, Tahoma or Times Roman.

6. Don"t state the reasons for your job changes.

Explaining why you"ve changed jobs seems defensive or indicates that you think you have a troubled work history

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RAMNATH

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